It's 1837 and Princess Victoria (EMILY BLUNT) is about to celebrate her 18th birthday. Next in line to rule England due to King William (JIM BROADBENT) having no other heirs, Victoria lives a gilded cage existence where she's not allowed to go to school with other kids, read contemporary novels or even go down the steps by herself.
Even worse, she feels like a coveted chess piece, with various figures after her and/or her power. First and foremost is her mother, the Duchess of Kent (MIRANDA RICHARDSON), and her advisor, Sir John Conroy (MARK STRONG), who's trying to force her to sign a regency order that will, upon the King's demise, give the Duchess and thus Conroy control over the country.
Then there's Victoria's uncle, King Leopold (THOMAS KRETSCHMANN) of Belgium who wants his nephew, Prince Albert (RUPERT FRIEND), to win her heart and hand in marriage before anyone else. As Albert arrives to do just that, with his brother in tow, politician Lord Melbourne (PAUL BETTANY) is scheming to become her advisor and place his friends and acquaintances into her court.
Upon the King's death, Victoria assumes the thrown, and must then not only continue dealing with others attempting to win her favor, but also former Prime Minister Sir Robert Peel (MICHAEL MALONEY) as well as her relationship with both Prince Albert and the general population.