Bob Barnes (GEORGE CLOONEY) is a covert CIA agent who might come off as somewhat of a loose cannon to some of his superiors, but always manages to get the job done. After completely his latest mission only to have a Stinger missile apparently end up in the wrong hands, Bob's latest assignment is even dicier. It seems that the U.S. Government isn't pleased that Prince Nasir (ALEXANDER SIDDIG) has opted to switch his business allegiance of producing oil from the U.S. to China. Accordingly, they want him taken out.
That development also doesn't sit well with Texas oil company Connex that's now after Killen, a smaller operation -- run by Jimmy Pope (CHRIS COOPER) -- that's recently won the drilling rights in Kazakhstan and thus would be lucrative for their business. To get around potential Justice Dept. scrutiny, they hire a powerful D.C. law firm run by Dean Whiting (CHRISTOPHER PLUMMER) to make sure the merger can go through. He assigns up and coming star attorney Bennett Holiday (JEFFREY WRIGHT) to work on the case, thus meaning that lawyer will have less time to deal with his alcoholic father (WILLIAM C. MITCHELL).
At the same time, Whiting wishes to undermine Prince Nasir by trying to get his father the king to choose Nasir's younger and more malleable brother, Prince Meshal (AKBAR KURTHA), to succeed him as ruler of their country. Nasir doesn't see his brother as a serious threat, and he's planning on reforming his country for the good in what will likely be radical changes for the status quo. His latest and unlikely advisor is energy analyst Bryan Woodman (MATT DAMON) who has no problem telling the Prince exactly what he thinks about his country and how the world perceives it. Part of that relationship is due to the accidental drowning of Bryan's son at Nasir's estate, a tragedy that still deeply affects Bryan's wife Julie (AMANDA PEET).
Then there are Connex workers Saleem Ahmed Kahn (SHAHID AHMED) and his son Wasim (MAZHAR MUNIR) who've just been laid off from work. Along with his friend Farooq (SONNELL DADRAL), Wasim eventually finds himself drawn to a radical Muslim group led by a charismatic recruiter who just so happens to possess Bob's missing Stinger missile. As the various disparate parties attempt to get what they want, their paths eventually converge in ways they couldn't imagine.